Cylinder lock



F. W. KENNEY Dec. 7, 1937.

CYLINDER LOCK Filed Feb. 24, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Invenlor f7 W ji e /7/7 1 By @4015 ii 6 A ilorneyd Dec. '7, 1937. F. w KENNEY CYLINDER LOCK Filed Feb. 24, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A Home);

Patented Dec. 7, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 14 Claims.

My invention relates generally to cylinder locks, and particularly to a cylinder lock involving a plurality of cylinders requiring to be successively engaged and operated by a key, and an important object of my invention is to provide a cylinder lock of this character which is positively resistant to picking.

Another important object of my invention is to provide a cylinder lock of the character indicated above which contains sets of locking pins which produce the locking of the various cylinders together, the said sets of pins being capable of re-arrangement and re-proportioning so as to effect different combinations requiring different keys.

Another important object of my invention is to provide a cylinder lock of the character indicated above wherein certain of the cylinders thereof must be operated by the key into predetermined positions before the key can come into engagement with other cylinders thereof in a position to be capable of being operated to unlock the lock.

Other important objects of my invention will be apparent from a reading of the following description in connection with the drawings, wherein for the purposes of illustration I have shown a preferred embodiment of my invention.

In the drawings:-

Figure 1 is a front end elevational view of the embodiment showing in dotted lines the initial positions of the keyways of certain cylinders.

D meral 5 generally designates the exterior casing of the lock which includes the integral or suitably fastened face plate 6 and the eccentric bore 1, in which eccentric bore is rotatable the outer cylinder 8 which has its front end cut out as indicated by the numeral 9 behind the face plate pins IS, IT, and I8, which have sections slidable into accommodating openings in the cylinder 8 and into spring holding bores in the casing in which tensioning springs 25, 2t and 21 are located. I

Also rotatable within the cylinder 8 and axially inwardly of the cylinder II is the intermediate cylinder l2 which has a keyway l9 which is normally aligned with the axially inward end of the lower and longer sections of three-section 1O the keyway l5, into which keyway 99 projects the lower and longer section of a three-section pin 28, which pin works through an accommodating opening in the cylinder Band into a bore in the outer casing 5 in which is located the tensioning spring 29.

adapted to be moved so as to have their upper and lower ends flush with the inner and outer sides of the cylinder 8 when the key is inserted in the keyway l5 and extended into the keyway i9,

so that the cylinders I I, I2 and 8 are disconnected from the outer casing 5 at this point, allowing cylinders H and [2 to be rotated toward the right or in a clockwise direction by the key, so

The pins I6, 11 and IB and 25 .28 have intermediate pin sections which are as to align the keyways l5 and 55 with the for- The final cylinder l3 has a boss M which is engageable with a spring latch mechanism. The

front end of the cylinder I3 is cut away as indicated by the numeral 24 to accommodate the spring 23 which has one end connected to the intermediate cylinder i2 and its opposite end connected to the final cylinder is so as to tension these two cylinders relative to each other.

With the key (not shown) inserted through the keyways l5 and I9 and the cylinders ii and I 2 rotated toward the right as far as they will go vby manipulation of the key, the lower sections of the pins l6, l1 and 18 come directly under .5

larger pins 3 l, 32, 33, and the lower section of the pin 28 under a larger diameter pin 34. The pins 3| to 34 are each composed of two pin sections and are larger in diameter than the pins It, ll, i8 and 28, so that the radially inward ends of the pins 3! to 34 always ride on the exterior of the cylinders H and i2 and cannot enter the holes in which the smaller pins work. With the small pins 6, l1, l8 and 28 under the large diameter pins 3| through 34, the key is passed into the keyway 2i! of the final cylinder I3. This passage or movement of the key raises the upper ends of the lower sections of the pins 3| to 34 to a position flush with the radially outward side of the cylinder 8, so that the cylinders 8, II and [2 are then free for rotation relative to the outer casing 5 at this second point.

Springs 35, 36, 31 and 38 operate in receiving bores in the outer casing 5 to press the larger pins 31 to 34 against the exterior of the cylinders- H and I2.

As the key is inserted in the keyway 2;! in the final cylinder, the pins 2! and 22 which extend into the keyway 23 are forced radially outwardly against the tension of the springs 38 and 39 in receiving openings in the outer casing 5 until the upper ends of the lower sections of the pins 21 and 22 are flush with the exterior of the cylinder 8. This frees the cylinder 8 completely from casing 5, for further rotation, in a clockwise direction of cylinders 8, ll, l2 and i3, which now operate as a unit, to cause-the lug M on the final cylinder to retract the spring latch bolt to which it may be operatively connected.

It is to be noted that the pins 2! and 22 always connect the final cylinder I3 and the cylinder 8, since these pins are never brought to such a depressed position as to become flush with the exterior of the final cylinder l3,-but the upper ends of these pins continually extend into the receiving openings in the cylinder 3. Withdrawal of the key, in looking the look, from the keyway 2B in the final cylinder permits the spring of the latch bolt or other such mechanism to rotate the final cylinder l3 back to its initial position and as cylinder i3 and cylinder '3 are continuously pin connected, cylinder 8 is likewise carried back to its initial position.

The tension furnished by the spring 23 between the final cylinder l3 and the intermediate cylinder i2 produces rotation of the intermediate cylinder l2 toward its initial position, While the spring Hioperates to turn the front cylinder ll toward its initial position. Figure 5 shows the manner in which the keyway 19 of the intermediate cylinder 12 has one side cut away as indicated by the numeral 48 on a line with the-rib 4| in the keyway.

The purpose of this cut away portion is to prevent the obtaining of purchase by any bar or rod which can be inserted through the keyways i5 and is for the purpose of raising the pins in these keyways in an attempt to pick the look. It is obvious that if such bar or jigger be placed as far as the keyway l9, it can obtain a purchase on the right hand side of the keyway, but 'no unlocking is produced by pressing against this side of the keyway, on account of the arrangement of the intermediate cylinder for unlocking rotation in the opposite direction. Further it is obvious that due to the cut away 40 no purchase can be had by the jigger on the left hand side of the keyway I9, so that it is practicallyimpossible by the use of any such means to pro' duce the rotation of the intermediate cylinder l2 to such a position as to line up the keyway [9 with the keyway 20 in the final cylinder, such alignment being necessary to producing raising of the pins 34, 22 and 2| to release the cylinders concerned for operation of the cylinder l3.

Although I have shown and described herein a preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be definitely understood that I do not desire to limit the application of the invention thereto, and any change or changes may be made in the materials, and in the structure and. arrangement of the parts, within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the subjoined claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising a relatively stationary casing formed with a bore, an outer tubular cylinder rotatable in said bore, a front cylinder, an intermediate cylinder, and a final cylinder rotatably mounted in' the bore of said tubular outer cylinder, a looking bolt operating element on said final cylinder, first means engaging said final cylinder, said outer tubular cylinder, and said casing for holding said final cylinder and said outer tubular cylinder and said casing from rotating relativeto; each other in a locked condition of the lock, second means in said casing and said outer tubular cylinder preventing relative rotation of said outer cylinder and said casing in a locked condition of the lock.

2. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising a relatively stationary casing formed with a bore, an outer tubular cylinder rotatable in said bore, a front cylinder, an intermediate cylinder, and a final cylinder rotatably mounted in the bore of said tubular outer cylinder, a looking bolt operating element on said final cylinder, first means engaging said final cylinder, said outer tubular cylinder, and said casing for holding said final cylinder and said outer tubular cylinder and said casing from rotating relative to each other in a locked condition of the lock, second means in said casing and saidouter tubular cylinder preventing relative rotation of said outer cylinder and said casing in a locked condition of the lock, third means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder, and said front cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof while the lock is in a locked condition.

-3. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising a relatively stationary casing formed with a bore, an outer tubular cylinder rotatable in said bore, a front cylinder, an intermediate cylinder, and a final cylinder rotatably mounted in the bore of said tubular outer cylinder, a locking bolt operating element on said final cylinder, first means engaging said final cylinder, said'outer tubular cylinder, and said casing for holding said final cylinder and said outer tubular cylinder and said casing from rotating relative to each other in a lockedcondition of the lock, second means in said casing and said outer tubular cylinder preventing relative rotation of said outer cylinder and said casing in a locked condition of the lock, fourth means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder and said intermediate cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof in a locked condition of the lock.

der, and a final cylinder rotatably mounted in W the bore of said tubular outer cylinder, a locking bolt operating element on said final cylinder, first means engaging said final cylinder, said outer tubular cylinder, and said casing for holding said final cylinder and said outer tubularcylinder and said casing from rotating relative to each other in a locked condition of the lock, second means in said casing and said outer tubular cylinder preventing relative rotation of said outer cylinder and said casing in a locked condition of the lock, third means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder, and said front cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof while the lock is in a locked condition, fourth means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder and said intermediate cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof in a locked condition of the lock.

5. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising a relatively stationary casing formed with a bore, an outer tubular cylinder rotatable in said bore, a front cylinder, an intermediate cylinder, and a final cylinder rotatably mounted in the bore of said tubular outer cylinder, a looking bolt operating element on said final cylinder, first means engaging said final cylinder, said outer tubular cylinder, and said casing for holding said final cylinder and said outer tubular cylinder and said casing from rotating relative to each other in a locked condition of the lock, second means in said casing and said outer tubular cylinder preventing relative rotation of said outer cylinder and said casing in a locked condition of the lock, third means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder, and said front cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof while the lock is in a locked condition, fourth means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder and said intermediate cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof in a locked condition of the lock, said front cylinder, said intermediate cylinder, and said final cylinder being formed with respective keyways into which said first, third, and

-fourth means project operatively.

6. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising a relatively stationary casing formed with a bore, an outer tubular cylinder rotatable in said bore, a front cylinder, an intermediate cylinder, and a final cylinder rotatably mounted in the bore of said tubular outer cylinder, alocking bolt operating element on said final cylinder, first means engaging said final cylinder, said outer tubular cylinder, and said casing for holding said final cylinder and said outer tubular cylinder and said casing from rotating relative to each other in a locked condition of the lock, second means in said casing and said outer tubular cylinder preventing relative rotation of said outer cylinder and said casing in a locked condition of the lock, third means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder, and said front cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof while the lock is in a locked condition, fourth means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder and said intermediate cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof in a locked condition of the lock, said front cylinder, said intermediate cylinder, and said final cylinder being formed with respective keyways into which said first, third, and

, fourth means project operatively, said front cylinder and said intermediate cylinder having initial positions in which their keyways are aligned and in which their keyways are out of alignment with the keyway of said final cylinder.

'7. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising a relatively stationary casing formed with a bore, an outer tubular cylinder rotatable in said bore, a front cylinder, an intermediate cylinder, and ai final cylinder rotatably mounted in the bore of said tubular outer cylinder, a locking bolt operating element on said final cylinder first means engaging said final cylinder, said outer-tubular cylinder, and said casing for holding said final cylinder and said outer tubular cylinder and said casing from rotating relative to each other in a locked condition of the lock, second-means in said casing and said outer tubular cylinder preventing relative rotation of said outer cylinder and said casing in a locked condition of the lock, third means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder, and said front cylinder preventing relativerotation thereof while the lock is in a locked condition, fourth means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder and said intermediate cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof in a locked condition of the lock, said front cylinder, said intermediate cylinder, and said final cylinder being formed with. respective keyways into which said first, third, and fourth means project operatively, said front cylinder and said intermediate cylinder having initial positions in which their keyways are aligned and in which their keyways are out of alignment with the keyway of 'said final cylinder, first spring means operatively engaging said outer first means engaging said final cylinder, said outer tubular cylinder, and said casing for holding said final cylinder and said outer tubular cylinder and said'casing from rotating relative to each other in a locked condition of the lock, second means in said casing and said outer tubular cylinder preventing relative, rotation of said outer cylinder and said casing in a locked condition of the lock, third means in said casing, saidouter tubular cylinder, and said front cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof while the lock is in a locked condition, fourth means in said casing, said outer tubular. cylinder and said intermediate cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof in a locked condition of the lock, said front cylinder, said intermediate cylinder, and said final cylinder being formed with respective keyways into which said first, third, and fourth means project operatively, said front cyle inder and said intermediate cylinder having initial positions in which their keyways are aligned and in which their keyways are out of alignment 7 with the keyway'of said final cylinder, the keyways of said front and intermediate cylinders being arranged to receive a key for operating the corresponding means to release these cylinders; "for rotation by the key to align their keyways with the keyway of the final cylinder.

9. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising a relatively stationary casing formed with a bore, an outer tubular cylinder rotatable in said bore, a front cylinder, and intermediate cylinder, and a final cylinder rotatably mounted in the bore of said tubular outer cylinder, a looking bolt operating element on said final cylinder, first means engaging said final cylinder, said outer tubular cylinder, and said casing for holding said final cylinder and said outer tubular cylinder and said casing from rotating relative to each other in a locked condition of the lock, second means in said casing and said outer tubular cylinder preventing relative rotation of said outer cylinder and said casing in a locked condition of the lock, third means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder, and said front cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof while the lock is in a locked condition, fourth means in said casing, said outer tubular cylinder and said intermediate cylinder preventing relative rotation thereof in a locked condition of the lock, said front cylinder, said intermediate cylinder and said final cylinder being formed with respective keyways into which said first, third, and

fourth means project operatively, said front cylinder and said intermediate cylinder having initial positions in which their keyways are aligned and in which their keyways are out of alignment with the keyway of said final cylinder, the keyways of said front and intermediate cylinders being arranged to receive a key for operating the corresponding means to release these cylinders for rotation by the key to align their keyways with the keyway of the final cylinder, the keyway of the final cylinder then being conditioned to receive said key to operate the corresponding means to connect said final cylinder and said outer'tubular cylinder while disconnecting said outer tubular cylinder from said casing, thereby enabling locking bolt operating rotation of said final cylinder by said key.

10. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising an outer casing including a bore, an outer tubular cylinder revoluble in said bore, a front cylinder rotatable in the bore of the outer cylinder spring means in said bore for engaging said outer tubular cylinder and the front cylinder for rotating the front cylinder toward initial position, an intermediate cylinder in said bore behind the front cylinder, and a rear or final cylinder in said bore behind the intermediate cylinder, spring means connecting the final cylinder and the intermediate cylinder and tensioning the same toward initial positions.

11. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising an outer casing including a bore, an outer tubularcylinder revoluble in said bore,

a front cylinder rotatable in the bore of the outer cylinder spring means in said bore for engaging said outer tubular cylinder and the front cylinder for rotating the front cylinder toward initial position, an intermediate cylinder in said bore behind the front cylinder, and a rear or final cylinder in said bore behind the intermediate cylinder, spring means connecting the final cylinder and the intermediate cylinder and tensioning the same toward initial positions, said front and intermediate cylinders having keyways normally aligned in the initial position of the front and intermediate cylinders, said final cylinder having a keyway normally crossed with respect to the first-mentioned keyway in the initial position of the final cylinder.

12. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising an outer casing including a bore, an outer tubular cylinder revoluble in said bore, a front cylinder rotatable in the bore of the outer cylinder spring means in said bore for engaging said outer tubular cylinder and the front cylinder for rotating the front cylinder toward initial position, an intermediate cylinder in said bore behind the front cylinder, and a rear or final cylinder in said bore behind the intermediate cylinder, spring means connecting the final cylinder and the intermediate cylinder and tensioning the same toward initial positions, said front and intermediate cylinders having keyways normally aligned in the initial position of the front and intermediate cylinders, said final cylinder having a keyway normally crossed with respect to the first-mentioned keyways in the initial position of the final cylinder, said outer casing, said outer cylinder and. said front cylinder and said intermediate cylinder containing radially movable pin means adapted to be positioned by the insertion of a key in the keyways of the front and intermediate cylinders, said means normally locking the mentioned cylinders against relative rotation.

13. A cylinder lock of the character described comprising an outer casing including a bore, an outer tubular cylinder revoluble in said bore, a front cylinder rotatable in the bore of the outer cylinder spring means in said bore for engaging said outer tubular cylinder and the front cylinder for rotating the front cylinder toward initial position, an intermediate cylinder in said bore behind the front cylinder, and a rear or final cylinder in said bore behind the intermediate cylinder, spring means connecting the final cylinder and the intermediate cylinder and tensioning the same toward initial positions, said front and intermediate cylinders having keyways normally aligned in the initial position of the front and intermediate cylinders, said final cylinder having a keyway normally crossed with respect to the first-mentioned keyways in the initial position of the final cylinder, said outer casing, said outer cylinder and said front cylinder and said intermediate cylinder containing radially movable pin means adapted to be positioned by insertion of a key in the keyways of the front and intermediate cylinders, said means normally locking the mentioned cylinders against relative rotation, said outer casing and outer cylinder containing further pin means riding on the exterior of the front cylinder and of the intermediate cylinder and adapted to be operated by some of the first mentioned pin means in a subsequent position of the front and intermediate cylinders.

14. A cylinder lock of the character described cylinder spring means in. said bore for engaging said outer tubular cylinder and the front cylinder for rotating the front cylinder toward initial position, an intermediate cylinder in said bore behind the front cylinder, and a rear or final cylinder in said bore behind the intermediate cylinder, spring means connecting the final cylinder and the intermediate cylinder and tensioning the same toward initial positions, said front and intermediate cylinders having keyways normally aligned in the initial position of the front and intermediate cylinders, said final cylinder having a keyway normally crossed with respect to the first-mentioned keyways in the initial position of the final cylinder, said outer casing, said outer cylinder and said front cylinder and said intermediate cylinder containing radially movable pin means adapted to be positioned by the insertion of a key in the keyways of the front and intermediate cylinders, said means normally locking the mentioned cylinders against relative rotation, said outer casing and outer cylinder containing further pin means riding on the exterior of the front cylinder and of the intermediate cylinder and adapted to be operated by some of the first mentioned pin means in a subsequent position of the front and intermediate cylinders, said outer casing, said outer cylinder and said final cylinder containing radially movable pin means adapted to be positioned by the insertion of a key in the keyways of the front and intermediate cylinders, the rotation of said front cylinder and said intermediate cylinder t efiecting alignment of the keyways in said front cylinder, said intermediate cylinder and said final cylinder, the further insertion of the key means into the keyway of said final cylinder operating said pin means in said outer casing, said outer cylinder, said front cylinder said intermediate cylinder, and said final cylinder, said pin means normally locking said cylinders against relative rotation.

FREDERICK W. KENNEY. 

